What side effects can dogs get from cortisone (prednisolone)?

The extent and types of side effects a dog develops in response to cortisone treatment depends on the dose and type of cortisone used, the treatment length, as well as individual sensitivity.

Some dogs develop few side effects even on large doses of cortisone, while others develop many side effects on low doses. The most common side effects seen are increased thirst and urination. Many dogs also pant more than usual.

In addition to the aforementioned, there is an increased risk for developing diabetes with cortisone treatment. Dogs that are kept on a low maintenance dose of cortisone tend to gain weight more easily as their appetite is stimulated. Contrarily, a dog may lose weight in the beginning of treatment if it is put on a high dose of cortisone. The immune response may be affected, resulting in a heightened risk for infection. The skin can thin, particularly over the abdominal region. Muscle mass loss can also occur over the abdomen giving the dog a pot-bellied appearance. Some dogs get hyperactive, while others become more quiet than usual. Typically the “normal” personality of the dog is accentuated, so if you have a calm dog to begin with it becomes calmer with cortisone treatment.

Luckily, side effects subside and diminish once treatment is finished. It is important to never stop treatment abruptly as this can have serious consequences. Always consult a veterinarian regarding tapering off cortisone treatment.